hughgrigg / php-business-time
Business time / working days extension for Carbon dates
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Requires
- php: ^8.0
- nesbot/carbon: ^1.2 || ^2.0
Requires (Dev)
- guzzlehttp/guzzle: ^6.3
- guzzlehttp/psr7: ^1.4
- johnkary/phpunit-speedtrap: ^2.0 || ^3.0
- php-coveralls/php-coveralls: ^2.0
- phpmd/phpmd: @stable
- phpunit/phpunit: ^9.5
- psr/http-message: ^1.0
- squizlabs/php_codesniffer: @stable
Suggests
- guzzlehttp/guzzle: Required for using remote sources
README
"Business time" logic in PHP (aka "business hours", "working days" etc). This can be useful for calculating shipping dates, for example.
This library provides an extension for the Carbon
class in the
Carbon date time library.
While Carbon already has methods like diffInWeekendDays()
, this extension lets
you handle business time more precisely and flexibly. It can use your own
customised times which can be specified directly or with constraint-matching.
Official music video for this library
Contents
- Installation
- Usage
- Describing business times
- Start and end of business day
- Determining business time
- Incorporating business time data from a remote source
- Recurring business deadlines
- Business time factory
- Precision
- Testing
Installation
Install via Composer:
composer require hughgrigg/php-business-time
Usage
The BusinessTime
class in this package extends Carbon
. This means that you
can use all of the methods from Carbon
and the native DateTime
, as well as
the ones described here.
Business days
You'll probably be dealing with business days most often.
Adding or subtracting business days
You can add or subtract business days from a given starting date:
$friday = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('Friday 10am'); $nextBusinessDay = $friday->addBusinessDay(); // = Monday 10am $threeBusinessDays = $friday->addBusinessDays(3); // = Wednesday 10am
$monday = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('Monday 10am'); $previousBusinessDay = $now->subBusinessDay(); // = Friday 10am $threeBusinessDaysAgo = $now->subBusinessDays(3); // = Wednesday 10am
Diff in business days
Besides adding or subtracting business days, you can also calculate the number of business days between two given dates.
$now = BusinessTime\BusinessTime::now(); $nextWeek = $now->addWeek(); // a full 7-day week. $diff = $now->diffInBusinessDays($nextWeek); // = 5
Whole vs partial business days
The examples above deal with whole business days. You could also describe this as integer days. This means that any fractional part of a day is not considered to be a business day and is not counted.
For example, if we ask how many business days there are between 10am Friday and 10am Saturday, the answer is zero:
$fridayTenAm = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('Friday 10am'); $saturdayTenAm = $fridayTenAm->addDay(); // Add a full day. $fridayTenAm->diffInBusinessDays($saturdayTenAm); // = 0
This may be surprising if you were expecting the business hours on Friday to be included. The reason the result is zero is because no whole business day has passed in that time; even most of a business day is not enough to be counted.
If you do want to consider partial days, you can use the equivalent partial methods to get a float value.
$fridayTenAm = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('Friday 10am'); $fridayTenAm->diffInPartialBusinessDays('Saturday 10am'); // = 0.875
These are kept separate because usually people do not want to deal with the
concept of fractional business time: either a business day has passed or it has
not. The partial
methods let you access the floating point number when you
want to.
Length of a business day
To calculate a partial business day, we need to know the total length of time of a business day. For example, 09:00 to 17:00 could be 100% of a business day if those are the business hours, but only 80% of a business day if the hours are 09:00 to 19:00.
Out of the box, BusinessTime treats a business day as being 8 hours long (09:00 to 17:00). You can adjust this to suit your needs, though.
The simplest way to configure this is to directly set the length of a business day:
$businessTime = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $businessTime->setLengthOfBusinessDay(BusinessTime\Interval::hours(6));
If you have complicated business time constraints (see below), it might be
helpful to let BusinessTime calculate the length of a business day for you. You
can do that by passing in a DateTime
representing your standard business day
to the determineLengthOfBusinessDay()
method. BusinessTime will then calculate
the length of the business day based on that using its constraints.
$businessTime = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $businessTime->determineLengthOfBusinessDay(new DateTime('Monday'));
Business hours
You can also make business time calculations in hours:
$now = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $now->addBusinessHour(); $now->addBusinessHours(3);
$now = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $now->diffInBusinessHours(); $now->diffInPartialBusinessHours();
The reason a day is the largest unit included out-of-the-box is because people
and organisations have different understandings of what is meant by larger units
of time. Not having built-in methods for those prevents assumptions being made
and forces explicitness, e.g. with $now->addBusinessDays(30)
.
Similarly, no unit smaller than an hour is included out-of-the-box because the concept of a "business minute" is questionable for most use cases. You can calculate minutes by multiplying by 60 if you do need them. Note that because the default precision is one hour, you may need to adjust the precision to e.g 15 minutes to get accurate calculations (see the note on precision and performance).
Describing business times
In some situations it's useful to have meaningful descriptions for business and non-business times. For example, you might want to tell your customer that you won't deliver their order until next week because the weekend is in between.
You can use the BusinessTimePeriod
class for this. You can make an instance
with start and end times like this:
$start = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('today'); $end = $start->addBusinessDays(3); $timePeriod = new BusinessTime\BusinessTimePeriod($start, $end);
You can then use the businessDays()
and nonBusinessDays()
methods on the
time period to get that information. For example:
$businessDays = $timePeriod->businessDays(); $nonBusinessDays = $timePeriod->nonBusinessDays();
This returns an array of BusinessTime
objects for each non-business day, which
can tell you their name:
$nonBusinessDays[0]->businessName(); // = e.g. "the weekend"
What intervals and descriptions you get depends on which business time constraints have been used.
You can also ask a BusinessTimePeriod
for its business and non-business sub-
periods, for example:
$start = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('today'); $end = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('tomorrow'); $timePeriod = new BusinessTime\BusinessTimePeriod($start, $end); $businessPeriods = $timePeriod->businessPeriods(); // = array of BusinessTimePeriod instances for each period of business time. $nonBusinessPeriods = $timePeriod->nonBusinessPeriods(); // = array of BusinessTimePeriod instances for each period of non-business time.
This lets you see the business timings that make up the whole time period. You
can ask each sub-period for its business-relevant name with the businessName()
method.
Start and end of business day
You can get the start or end of the business day based on the business time constraints like this:
$businessTime = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $businessTime->startOfBusinessDay(); // = BusinessTime instance for e.g. 09:00 $businessTime->endOfBusinessDay(); // = BusinessTime instance for e.g. 17:00
Determining business time
By default, this library considers Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm to be business time. You can configure this to suit your needs, though.
Business time constraints
You can set the constraints to determine business time on the BusinessTime
class like this:
$businessTime = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $businessTime->setConstraints( new BusinessTime\Constraint\WeekDays(), new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenHoursOfDay(9, 17), );
You can pass as many constraints as you need; all of the constraints must be satisfied for a given time to be considered business time.
Calling setBusinessTimeConstraints()
replaces any existing constraints on the
BusinessTime
instance.
The following constraints are available out-of-the-box, some of which can be customised via their constructors:
new BusinessTime\Constraint\HoursOfDay(10, 13, 17); new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenHoursOfDay(9, 17); new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenTimesOfDay('08:45', '17:30'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\WeekDays(); new BusinessTime\Constraint\Weekends(); new BusinessTime\Constraint\DaysOfWeek('Monday', 'Wednesday', 'Friday'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenDaysOfWeek('Monday', 'Friday'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\DaysOfMonth(1, 8, 23); new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenDaysOfMonth(1, 20); new BusinessTime\Constraint\MonthsOfYear('January', 'March', 'July'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenMonthsOfYear('January', 'November'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\DaysOfYear('January 8th', 'March 16th', 'July 4th'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenDaysOfYear('January 1st', 'December 5th'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\Dates('2019-01-17', '2019-09-23', '2020-05-11'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenDates('2018-01-11', '2018-12-31'); new BusinessTime\Constraint\AnyTime(); // Oh dear.
Inversion of business time constraints
You can wrap any business time constraint in a Not
constraint to invert it.
For example:
$decemberOff = new BusinessTime\Constraint\Composite\Not( BusinessTime\Constraint\MonthsOfYear('December') );
This constraint now matches any time that is not in the month of December. You
can pass as many other constraints as you need into the Not
constructor.
Exceptions to business time constraints
The constraints above have an except()
method that takes one or more other
constraints. This creates a composite constraint that lets you add exceptions to
your business time rules.
For example:
$lunchTimeOff = (new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenHoursOfDay(9, 17))->except( new BusinessTime\Constraint\HoursOfDay(13) );
That constraint now matches any time between 9am and 5pm except for the hour
between 1pm and 2pm. You can pass as many exceptional constraints as you need
into the except()
method.
Note: You can use the except()
method on the AnyTime
constraint as an
alternative way to define your constraints:
(new BusinessTime\Constraint\AnyTime())->except( new BusinessTime\Constraint\DaysOfWeek('Friday') ); // All times except Fridays are considered business time.
If except()
is not enough for your needs, you can also use the andAlso()
and
orAlternatively()
methods to build different types of composite constraints.
Custom business time constraints
You can implement your own custom constraints by implementing the
BusinessTime\Constraint\Constraint
interface:
interface BusinessTimeConstraint { public function isBusinessTime(DateTimeInterface $time): bool; }
The constraint must take an instance of DateTimeInterface
and return whether
or not it should be considered business time.
If you want to enable combinatorial logic for your custom constraint, use the
BusinessTime\Constraint\Composite\Combinations
trait.
Tip: It's usually better to use multiple simple constraints together than to make one big, complex one.
Business time constraints example
Here's a somewhat complicated example of using business time constraints:
$businessTime = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $businessTime->setConstraints( (new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenHoursOfDay(10, 18))->except( new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenTimesOfDay('13:00', '14:00') ), // 9-6 every day, with an hour for lunch. (new BusinessTime\Constraint\WeekDays())->except( new BusinessTime\Constraint\WeekDays('Thursday') ), // Week days, but let's take Thursdays off. new BusinessTime\Constraint\BetweenMonthsOfYear('January', 'November'), // No-one does any work in December anyway. new BusinessTime\Constraint\Composite\Not( new BusinessTime\Constraint\DaysOfYear('August 23rd', 'October 20th') ) // Why not take off your birthday and wedding anniversary? );
Incorporating business time data from a remote source
Whilst you could try to set up constraints covering all the public holidays in your country, it's probably easier to just retrieve them from a remote source.
Custom remote sources
You can add any other source you like by implementing the Constraint
interface
described above.
Recurring business deadlines
As well as calculating business time, it's often useful to make calculations about deadlines or "cut-off" times. For example, the cut-off time for dispatching orders might be 11am on week days. BusinessTime provides logic for dealing with this.
You can create deadlines using the same time constraints described above:
$deadline = new BusinessTime\Deadline\RecurringDeadline( new BusinessTime\Constraint\Weekdays(), new BusinessTime\Constraint\HoursOfDay(11) );
Any time matching all the constraints is considered an occurrence of the deadline. This means the deadline recurs on a regular basis (it is not a single moment in time).
To find out when the deadline next occurs, you can use the
nextOccurrenceFrom()
method:
$businessTime = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $deadline->nextOccurrenceFrom($businessTime); // = a new business time instance for the time the deadline next occurs.
In this example, this might give you 11am today, or 11am next Monday if it's now already later than 11am on a Friday.
There is a previousOccurrenceFrom()
that does the equivalent going back from
the given time.
You can also see if a deadline has passed in a given time period:
$deadline->hasPassedToday(); // = true if the deadline has been passed today. $deadline->hasPassedBetween( BusinessTime\BusinessTime::now->subWeek(), BusinessTime\BusinessTime::now->addWeek() ); // = true if the deadline is ever passed in the given time period.
Important: the deadlines described above are designed to handle recurring deadlines. They not appropriate for determining singular moments in time. To make comparisons against a single moment, you should simply use the comparison methods provided by Carbon:
$time = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $deadline = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime('2018-12-08 17:00'); $time->gt($deadline); // = true if the moment has passed.
Business time factory
You probably don't want to have to set up an instance of
BusinessTime\BusinessTime
in every place you want to use one in your code.
To avoid that, you can set up a BusinessTime\Factory
with the constraints you
need once and then use that everywhere.
For example:
$factory = new BusinessTime\BusinessTimeFactory(); $factory->setConstraints( new BusinessTime\Constraint\DaysOfWeek('Saturday', 'Sunday'), new BusinessTime\Constraint\Dates('2018-12-25'), );
Once the factory is set up, you can share it in whatever way you usually share dependencies. For example, you might add it to the container in a framework like Laravel or Symfony.
When you've got the instance of the factory, you can get a ready-made instance
of BusinessTime\BusinessTime
from it:
$date = $factory->make('2018-03-21'); $now = $factory->now();
The BusinessTimeFactory
instance can be serialized, which makes it easy to
store in a cache or the filesystem.
Precision
By default, BusinessTime uses hour precision. This means that it calculates business time roughly accurate to an hour.
If you need better precision than this, you can set it to what you want:
$businessTime = new BusinessTime\BusinessTime(); $businessTime->setPrecision(BusinessTime\Interval::minutes(30)); // Half-hour precision. $businessTime->setPrecision(BusinessTime\Interval::minutes(15)); // Quarter-hour precision.
You can also set precision on the business time factory in the same way.
Note that the higher the precision, the lower the performance is. This is
because BusinessTime must check each interval of the size you specify. For
example, at hour precision, dealing with one week requires 7 * 24 = 168
iterations. At minute precision, this becomes 7 * 24 * 60 = 10080
iterations, which is 60× slower.
Always try to set the largest precision interval that covers your needs.
Testing
You can use the testing facilities from Carbon described here:
http://carbon.nesbot.com/docs/#api-testing
For example, you can mock the current time like this:
Carbon::setTestNow($knownDate);
And proceed from there in your testing.
To run the tests for the BusinessTime package itself, you can run the tests in this directory:
make test
You can also read the tests for more detailed usage examples of the library.