yzh52521 / yii2-jwt
JWT integration for Yii 2
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Type:yii2-extension
Requires
- php: >=7.4
- lcobucci/jwt: ^4.1
- yiisoft/yii2: >=2.0.14 <2.1
README
This extension provides the JWT integration for the Yii framework 2.0 (requires PHP 5.6+). It includes basic HTTP authentication support.
Table of contents
- Installation
- Dependencies
- Basic usage
- Creating
- Parsing from strings
- Validating
- Token signature
- Hmac
- RSA and ECDSA
- Yii2 basic template example
Installation
Package is available on Packagist, you can install it using Composer.
composer require yzh52521/yii2-jwt
Dependencies
- PHP 5.6+
- OpenSSL Extension
- lcobucci/jwt 3.3
Basic usage
Add jwt
component to your configuration file,
'components' => [ 'jwt' => [ 'class' => \yzh52521\jwt\Jwt::class, 'constraints' => [ function () { return new \Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\LooseValidAt( \Lcobucci\Clock\SystemClock::fromSystemTimezone() ); }, ], ], ],
Configure the authenticator
behavior as follows.
namespace app\controllers; class ExampleController extends \yii\rest\Controller { /** * @inheritdoc */ public function behaviors() { $behaviors = parent::behaviors(); $behaviors['authenticator'] = [ 'class' => \yzh52521\jwt\JwtHttpBearerAuth::class, ]; return $behaviors; } }
Also, you can use it with CompositeAuth
refer to a doc.
Creating
Just use the builder to create a new JWT/JWS tokens:
$now = new DateTimeImmutable(); $algorithm = $this->jwt->getSigner(); $key = $this->jwt->getSignerKey(); $token = Yii::$app->jwt->getBuilder() // Configures the issuer (iss claim) ->issuedBy('http://example.com') // Configures the audience (aud claim) ->permittedFor('http://example.org') // Configures the id (jti claim) ->identifiedBy('4f1g23a12aa') // Configures the time that the token was issue (iat claim) ->issuedAt($now) // Configures the time that the token can be used (nbf claim) ->canOnlyBeUsedAfter($now->modify('+1 minute')) // Configures the expiration time of the token (exp claim) ->expiresAt($now->modify('+1 hour')) // Configures a new claim, called "uid" ->withClaim('uid', 1) // Configures a new header, called "foo" ->withHeader('foo', 'bar'); // Builds a new token ->getToken($algorithm, $key); $token->headers(); // Retrieves the token headers $token->claims(); // Retrieves the token claims echo $token->headers()->get('foo'); // will print "bar" echo $token->claims()->get('jti'); // will print "4f1g23a12aa" echo $token->claims()->get('iss'); // will print "http://example.com" echo $token->claims()->get('uid'); // will print "1" echo $token->toString(); // The string representation of the object is a JWT string (pretty easy, right?)
Parsing from strings
Use the parser to create a new token from a JWT string (using the previous token as example):
use Lcobucci\JWT\Encoding\CannotDecodeContent; use Lcobucci\JWT\Token\InvalidTokenStructure; use Lcobucci\JWT\Token\UnsupportedHeaderFound; use Lcobucci\JWT\UnencryptedToken; try { /** @var string $jwt JWT token string */ $token = Yii::$app->jwt->parse($jwt); // Parses from a string } catch (CannotDecodeContent | InvalidTokenStructure | UnsupportedHeaderFound $e) { echo 'Oh no, an error: ' . $e->getMessage(); } assert($token instanceof UnencryptedToken);
Validating
We can easily validate if the token is valid (using the previous token as example):
use \Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\IssuedBy; if (!Yii::$app->jwt->validate($token, new IssuedBy('http://example.com'))) { echo 'Invalid token (1)!', PHP_EOL; // will not print this } if (!Yii::$app->jwt->validate($token, new IssuedBy('http://example.org'))) { echo 'Invalid token (1)!', PHP_EOL; // will print this }
Available constraints
\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\IdentifiedBy
: verifies if the claim jti matches the expected value\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\IssuedBy
: verifies if the claim iss is listed as expected values\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\PermittedFor
: verifies if the claim aud contains the expected value\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\RelatedTo
: verifies if the claim sub matches the expected value\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\SignedWith
: verifies if the token was signed with the expected signer and key\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\StrictValidAt
: verifies presence and validity of the claims iat, nbf, and exp (supports leeway configuration)\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\LooseValidAt
: verifies the claims iat, nbf, and exp, when present (supports leeway configuration)\Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\HasClaimWithValue
: verifies that a custom claim has the expected value (not recommended when comparing cryptographic hashes)
Important
- You have to configure
\yzh52521\jwt\Jwt::$constraints
informing all claims you want to validate the token byYii::$app->jwt->loadToken()
, this method also called inside\sizeg\jwt\JwtHttpBearerAuth
.
Token signature
We can use signatures to be able to verify if the token was not modified after its generation. This extension implements Hmac, RSA and ECDSA signatures (using 256, 384 and 512).
Important
Do not allow the string sent to the Parser to dictate which signature algorithm to use, or else your application will be vulnerable to a critical JWT security vulnerability.
The examples below are safe because the choice in Signer
is hard-coded and cannot be influenced by malicious users.
Hmac
Hmac signatures are really simple to be used.
You may configure component:
'components' => [ 'jwt' => [ 'class' => \yzh52521\jwt\Jwt::class, 'signer' => \yzh52521\jwt\JwtSigner::HS256, 'signerKey' => \yzh52521\jwt\JwtKey::PLAIN_TEXT, 'signerKeyContents' => random_bytes(32), 'signerKeyPassphrase' => 'secret', 'constraints' => [ function () { // Verifies the claims iat, nbf, and exp, when present (supports leeway configuration) return new \Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\LooseValidAt( \Lcobucci\Clock\SystemClock::fromSystemTimezone() ); }, function () { // Verifies if the token was signed with the expected signer and key return new \Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\SignedWith( Yii::$app->jwt->getSigner(), Yii::$app->jwt->getSignerKey() ); }, ], ], ],
use \Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\SignedWith; $now = new DateTimeImmutable(); $algorithm = $this->jwt->getSigner(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtSigner::HS256); // ... and key $contents = random_bytes(32); $passphrase = 'secret'; $key = $this->jwt->getSignerKey(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtKey::PLAIN_TEXT, $contents, $passphrase); $token = Yii::$app->jwt->getBuilder() // Configures the issuer (iss claim) ->issuedBy('http://example.com') // Configures the audience (aud claim) ->permittedFor('http://example.org') // Configures the id (jti claim) ->identifiedBy('4f1g23a12aa') // Configures the time that the token was issue (iat claim) ->issuedAt($now) // Configures the time that the token can be used (nbf claim) ->canOnlyBeUsedAfter($now->modify('+1 minute')) // Configures the expiration time of the token (exp claim) ->expiresAt($now->modify('+1 hour')) // Configures a new claim, called "uid" ->withClaim('uid', 1) // Configures a new header, called "foo" ->withHeader('foo', 'bar') // Builds a new token ->getToken($algorithm, $key); if (!Yii::$app->jwt->validate($token, new SignedWith( Yii::$app->jwt->getSigner(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtSigner::HS256), Yii::$app->jwt->getSignerKey(JwtKey::PLAIN_TEXT, $contents, $passphrase) ))) { echo 'Invalid token (1)!', PHP_EOL; // will not print this } if (!Yii::$app->jwt->validate($token, new SignedWith( Yii::$app->jwt->getSigner(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtSigner::HS256), Yii::$app->jwt->getSignerKey(JwtKey::PLAIN_TEXT, random_bytes(32), 'other-secret') ))) { echo 'Invalid token (1)!', PHP_EOL; // will print this }
RSA and ECDSA
RSA and ECDSA signatures are based on public and private keys so you have to generate using the private key and verify using the public key:
use \Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\SignedWith; $now = new DateTimeImmutable(); // you can use 'ES256' if you're using ECDSA keys $algorithm = Yii::$app->jwt->getSigner(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtSigner::RS256); $privateKey = Yii::$app->jwt->getSignerKey(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtKey::FILE, 'file://{path to your private key}'); $token = Yii::$app->jwt->getBuilder() // Configures the issuer (iss claim) ->issuedBy('http://example.com') // Configures the audience (aud claim) ->permittedFor('http://example.org') // Configures the id (jti claim) ->identifiedBy('4f1g23a12aa') // Configures the time that the token was issue (iat claim) ->issuedAt($now) // Configures the time that the token can be used (nbf claim) ->canOnlyBeUsedAfter($now->modify('+1 minute')) // Configures the expiration time of the token (exp claim) ->expiresAt($now->modify('+1 hour')) // Configures a new claim, called "uid" ->withClaim('uid', 1) // Configures a new header, called "foo" ->withHeader('foo', 'bar') // Builds a new token ->getToken($algorithm, $privateKey); $publicKey = Yii::$app->jwt->getSignerKey(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtKey::FILE, 'file://{path to your public key}'); var_dump(Yii::$app->jwt->validate($token, new SignedWith( Yii::$app->jwt->getSigner(\yzh52521\jwt\JwtSigner::RS256), Yii::$app->jwt->getSignerKey(JwtKey::FILE, $publicKey) ))); // true when the public key was generated by the private one =)
It's important to say that if you're using RSA keys you shouldn't invoke ECDSA signers (and vice-versa), otherwise sign()
and verify()
will raise an exception!
Yii2 basic template example
Basic scheme
- Client send credentials. For example, login + password
- Backend validate them
- If credentials is valid client receive token
- Client store token for the future requests
Step-by-step usage example
-
Create Yii2 application
In this example we will use basic template, but you can use advanced template in the same way.
composer create-project --prefer-dist --stability=dev yiisoft/yii2-app-basic yii2-jwt-test
-
Install component
composer require yzh52521/yii2-jwt
-
Add to config/web.php into
components
section$config = [ 'components' => [ // other default components here.. 'jwt' => [ 'class' => \yzh52521\jwt\Jwt::class, 'constraints' => [ function () { return new \Lcobucci\JWT\Validation\Constraint\LooseValidAt( \Lcobucci\Clock\SystemClock::fromSystemTimezone() ); }, ], ], ], ];
-
Change method
app\models\User::findIdentityByAccessToken()
/** * {@inheritdoc} * @param \Lcobucci\JWT\Token $token */ public static function findIdentityByAccessToken($token, $type = null) { foreach (self::$users as $user) { if ($user['id'] === (string) $token->claims()->get('uid')) { return new static($user); } } return null; }
-
Create controller
<?php namespace app\controllers; use yzh52521\jwt\Jwt; use yzh52521\jwt\JwtHttpBearerAuth; use Yii; use yii\rest\Controller; class RestController extends Controller { /** * @inheritdoc */ public function behaviors() { $behaviors = parent::behaviors(); $behaviors['authenticator'] = [ 'class' => JwtHttpBearerAuth::class, 'optional' => [ 'login', ], ]; return $behaviors; } /** * @return \yii\web\Response */ public function actionLogin() { $now = new DateTimeImmutable(); $algorithm = $this->jwt->getSigner(); $key = $this->jwt->getSignerKey(); /** @var Jwt $jwt */ $jwt = Yii::$app->jwt; $token = Yii::$app->jwt->getBuilder() // Configures the issuer (iss claim) ->issuedBy('http://example.com') // Configures the audience (aud claim) ->permittedFor('http://example.org') // Configures the id (jti claim) ->identifiedBy('4f1g23a12aa') // Configures the time that the token was issue (iat claim) ->issuedAt($now) // Configures the expiration time of the token (exp claim) ->expiresAt($now->modify('+1 hour')) // Configures a new claim, called "uid" ->withClaim('uid', 100) // Builds a new token ->getToken($algorithm, $key); return $this->asJson([ 'token' => $token->toString(), ]); } /** * @return \yii\web\Response */ public function actionData() { return $this->asJson([ 'success' => true, ]); } }
-
Send simple login request to get token. Here we does not send any credentials to simplify example. As we specify in
authenticator
behavior actionlogin
as optional theauthenticator
skip auth check for that action. -
First of all we try to send request to rest/data without token and getting error
Unauthorized
-
Then we retry request but already adding
Authorization
header with our token